An Exploration of Postmodernism
postmodernism
“A now familiar yet still controversial term for defining the overall direction of experimental tendencies in Western arts, architecture, media, etc., since the 1950s...”
The New Fontana Dictionary of Modern Thought (Bullock, 2000)
Postmodernism is not a theory, but rather a way of thinking that questions and/or extends traditional attitudes and beliefs. Postmodernism has influenced virtually every discipline and, thus, is not a unified movement with a definite goal or perspective. However, in its various deployments, Postmodernism consistently challenges the notion of representation, authority, convention and truth.
The word "Postmodernism" first surfaced from philosophy and linguistics in the mid twentieth century. Since its inception as a literary term, Postmodernism has influenced many aspects of our lives including architecture, art, music and literature.
Composers of postmodern works (artists, architects, musicians, authors) achieve these notions through several techniques, including playful appropriation and self-conscious constructed forms - all challenging traditional and conventional methods. Postmodernists reject the notion of a grand narrative and rather embrace (and celebrate) the fragmentation, chaos and discontinuity evident everyday in our society and culture.
In order to understand Postmodernism, we have to understand that Postmodernism is a reaction to follow on from Modernism. By understanding how Postmodernism has been constructed as a cultural and intellectual practice, we can recognise its significance today.
Introduction
Is Postmodernism a mindset? A systematic theory? A school of thought? A cultural movement? An overarching philosophy? An extension of Modernism?
Critics and Theorists
Numerous philosophers, critics, and belletrist writers can be seen as precursors or early representatives of the cultural and aesthetic approach to Postmodernism.
Michel Foucault
Philosopher, Historian and Cultural Critic
As Postmodernism began to emerge in the mid-20th century, Foucault's work on poststructuralism and discourse inspired many to delve into the foundations of text, meaning and language.
Also read about the contribution to Postmodernism from Roland Barthes, Jean Baudrillard, Jacques Derrida and Jean-François Lyotard.
Influences
Architecture
Since the 1950s, the influence of Postmodernism has been a dominant artistic force around the world, particularly in the field of architecture. Many postmodern architects convey a new sense of cultural significance by blending disconnected historical styles with a variety of abstract designs. In Australia, Federation Square in Melbourne (pictured) is a fine example of postmodern architecture in contemporary society. Note the building's use of shapes and angles as well as how it fits into the surrounding environment.
Music
The stylistic and thematic tendencies associated with architecture and art is also evident in music. The dismantling of the authentic popular culture hierarchy (traditional modes of constructing music) coupled with the decentring of Western canons of ‘high culture’ are examples of pervasive features of postmodern music.
Postmodernism has also influenced a range of other disciplines including art, literature and our society and culture.